Authors
Daniel J. Lawson, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Russell K. Lowell, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Christopher B. Mobley, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Katherine Frick, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Nicholas C. Bordonie, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Katie G. Clouse, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Cameron D. Ott, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Harrison C. Dimick, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
Nick R. Mauldin, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
JoEllen M. Sefton, Warrior Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL., USA
International Journal of Exercise Science 18(8): 811-835, 2025.
DOI: 10.70252/WUPH8495
Abstract
Military personnel face rigorous physical and cognitive demands critical for operational readiness and long-term health. This study evaluated body composition, cognitive performance, and physical fitness metrics in non-entry-level service members to inform tailored fitness interventions. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from Air Command Staff College personnel (N = 307; 89 females, 218 males; age: 37 ± 5 years) at Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base. Participants completed assessments for body composition (body mass index [BMI], body fat percentage [%BF], fat mass index [FMI], fat-free mass index [FFMI]), flexibility (sit-and-reach test, functional reach test), cognitive performance (cognitive reaction time), power (countermovement jump), strength (grip strength, isometric midthigh pull), muscular endurance (plank), and aerobic fitness (Estimated VO₂max). Relationships between age, sex, and fitness variables were analyzed with regression models, with percentile ranking, and comparisons to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines. Age-related increases in BF% (r = 0.116, p = 0.045) and FMI (r = 0.129, p = 0.025) were observed, alongside declines in muscular strength, power, and endurance (all p < 0.01). Females exhibited higher BF% and FMI, while males had greater FFMI and strength. Older participants had lower compliance with ACSM standards, indicating elevated health risks. Targeted interventions should address age- and sex-specific needs, focusing on preserving lean mass, strength, and cognitive agility. Baseline fitness data contributes to designing evidence-based programs that enhance long-term readiness and operational performance.
Recommended Citation
Lawson, Daniel J.; Lowell, Russell K.; Mobley, Christopher B.; Frick, Katherine; Bordonie, Nicholas C.; Clouse, Katie G.; Ott, Cameron D.; Dimick, Harrison C.; Mauldin, Nick R.; Sefton, JoEllen M. (2025) “Comprehensive Fitness Assessment in a Professional Military Education Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study,” International Journal of Exercise Science: Vol. 18 : Iss. 8, Pages 811 – 835.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70252/WUPH8495